In a study of Hispanic college students, those who maintained their ethnic identity best were those who:

Maintaining ethnic identity among Hispanic college students is closely linked to how individuals navigate their cultural experiences in relation to mainstream society. Resisting alienation and assimilation is critical because it allows individuals to retain their cultural values, beliefs, and social practices while also engaging with the larger society. This process fosters a sense of belonging and pride in one’s heritage, which is essential for psychological well-being.

When students actively resist pressures to assimilate, they often form supportive community networks that reinforce their ethnic identity. This engagement helps them feel more confident in expressing their cultural identity, leading to better mental health outcomes and stronger connections with their ethnic community. Maintaining ethnic identity is not just about cognitive recognition; it involves emotional investment and active participation in cultural practices.

While keeping cultural traditions alive and completing education in bilingual programs also contribute positively to ethnic identity, the strongest correlation observed in studies is with the ability to resist alienation and assimilation. This resilience empowers students to navigate their identities successfully in diverse environments, making them more likely to thrive academically and socially. Refusing to socialize with peers, on the other hand, does not support a healthy development of identity and may lead to isolation, which can negatively impact one’s sense of self and community connection.