What cognitive ability tends to decline with age according to the theories of intelligence?

Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to think logically and solve new problems independent of acquired knowledge. This type of intelligence includes abilities such as pattern recognition, abstract reasoning, and the ability to adapt to new situations. Research indicates that fluid intelligence typically declines with age, as older adults may find it more challenging to process information quickly and tackle novel situations compared to younger individuals.

In contrast, crystallized intelligence, which is the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and experience over time, generally remains stable or can even improve as individuals age. Emotional intelligence, which involves the ability to understand and manage emotions, and situational intelligence, which relates to the capacity to navigate social situations effectively, tend to be less impacted by aging and can also benefit from life experiences. Thus, the decline in fluid intelligence is a well-documented phenomenon linked to aging, confirming its significance in cognitive aging theories.