Which process describes how adults utilize their intellectual strengths to cope with declining abilities?

The process that describes how adults utilize their intellectual strengths to cope with declining abilities is selective optimization with compensation. This concept, developed by Paul Baltes, is centered around the idea that as individuals age, they may experience a decline in certain cognitive abilities or other areas of functioning. However, they can adapt by selectively focusing on their strongest skills and optimizing their use.

Through this process, adults identify which abilities are most important to maintain and invest their time and energy in these areas. At the same time, they compensate for any declines by employing alternative strategies or techniques that help them address challenges or limitations in their weaker areas. For instance, an older adult might rely on social support or technology to help navigate tasks that have become challenging due to age-related changes, thereby enhancing their overall functioning and quality of life.

Understanding this process is crucial in developmental psychology as it illustrates how individuals can continue to thrive and adapt through strategic measures in response to life's changes, particularly in the context of aging.